China Concepts Stocks

  Emphasis of Matter Paragraphs and Other Matter Paragraphs in the Independent Auditor's Report 在审计报告中增加强调事项段和其他事项段 This is difference between China Standard on Auditing (中国注册会计师执业准则) and International Standards on Auditing with respect to Emphasis of Matter Paragraphs and Other Matter Paragraphs Emphasis of Matter paragraph – A paragraph included in the auditor’s report that refers to a matter appropriately presented or disclosed in the financial statements that, in the auditor’s judgment, is of such importance that it is fundamental to users’ understanding of the financial statements. 强调事项段，是指审计报告 中含有的 一个段落，该段落 提及 已在财务报表中恰当列报或披露的事项，且根据注册会计师的职业判断，该事项对财务报表使用者理解财务报表 至关重要 。 the auditor shall include an Emphasis of Matter paragraph in the auditor’s report provided:  (a) The auditor would not be required to modify the opinion in accordance with ISA 705 (Revised)4 as a result of the matter; and (b) When ISA 701 applies, the matter has not been determined to be a key audit matter to...

  Modifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor's Report 非无保留意见审计报告 This is the comparison between China Standard on Auditing (中国注册会计师执业准则) and International Standards on Auditing with respect to Modifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor's Report The auditor shall modify the opinion in the auditor’s report when: (a) The auditor concludes that, based on the audit evidence obtained, the financial statements as a whole are not free from material misstatement; or  (b) The auditor is unable to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to conclude that the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement. 当存在 下列情形之一 时， 注册会计师应当在审计报告中发表非无保留意见： （ 1）根据获取的审计证据， 得出 财务报表整体 存在 重大错报的结论（保留意见或否定意见）。 （ 2） 无法 获取充分、适当的审计证据， 不能 得出财务报表整体 不存在 重大错报的结论（保留意见或无法表示意见）。 A material misstatement of the financial statements may arise in relation to: (a) The appropriateness of the selected accounting policies; (b) The application of the sele...

  Audits of Group Financial Statements 集团财务报表审计 This is the comparison between China Standard on Auditing (中国注册会计师执业准则) and International Standards on Auditing with respect to Audits of Group Financial Statements Group – All the components whose financial information is included in the group financial statements. A group always has more than one component. 集团指由所有组成部分构成的整体，并且所有组成部分的财务信息包括在集团财务报表中 Group financial statements – Financial statements that include the financial information of more than one component. The term “group financial statements” also refers to combined financial statements aggregating the financial information prepared by components that have no parent but are under common control. 集团财务报表指包括一个以上组成部分财务信息的财务报表，也指没有母公司但处在同一控制下的各组成部分编制的财务信息所汇总生成的财务报表 Group engagement partner – The partner or other person in the firm who is responsible for the group audit engagement and its performance, and for the auditor's report on the group financial...

  Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements 财务报表审计中对法律法规的考虑 This is the comparison between China Standard on Auditing (中国注册会计师执业准则) and International Standards on Auditing with respect to Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements Non-compliance: Acts of omission or commission, intentional or unintentional, committed by the entity, or by those charged with governance, by management or by other individuals working for or under the direction of the entity, which are contrary to the prevailing laws or regulations. Non-compliance does not include personal misconduct unrelated to the business activities of the entity. 违反法律法规是指被审计单位、治理层、管理层或者为被审计单位工作或受其指导的其他人，有意或无意违背除适用的财务报告编制基础以外的现行法律法规的行为，违反法律法规不包括与被审计单位经营活动无关的个人不当行为。 In the context of laws and regulations, the potential effects of inherent limitations on the auditor's ability to detect material misstatements are greater for su...

  Subsequent Events 期后事项 This is differences between International Standards on Auditing (ISA) and PRC Auditing Standards (中国审计准则) with regard to subsequent events Definitions Subsequent events – Events occurring between the date of the financial statements and the date of the auditor's report, and facts that become known to the auditor after the date of the auditor's report. 期后事项是指财务报表日至审计报告日之间发生的事项 ，以及注册会计师在审计报告日后知悉的事实。 Events Occurring between the Date of the Financial Statements and the Date of the Auditor's Report 主动识别第一时段期后事项 The auditor shall perform audit procedures designed to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence that all events occurring between the date of the financial statements and the date of the auditor's report that require adjustment of, or disclosure in, the financial statements have been identified. The auditor is not, however, expected to perform additional audit procedures on matters to which previously applied audit procedures have provide...

  Written Representations 书面声明 Definitions Written representation – A written statement by management provided to the auditor to confirm certain matters or to support other audit evidence. Written representations in this context do not include financial statements, the assertions therein, or supporting books and records. 书面声明指管理层向注册会计师提供的书面陈述，用以确认某些事项或支持其他审计证据。书面声明不包括财务报表及其认定，以及支持性账簿和相关记录 Written Representations about Management's Responsibilities 针对管理层责任的书面声明 Preparation of the Financial Statements 针对财务报表的编制的书面声明 The auditor shall request management to provide a written representation that it has fulfilled its responsibility for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework, including, where relevant, their fair presentation, as set out in the terms of the audit engagement. 针对财务报表的编制，注册会计师应当要求管理层提供书面声明，确认其根据审计业务约定条款 ，履行了按照适用的财务报告编制基础编制财务报表并使其实现公允反映（如适用）的责任 Information Provided and Completeness of Transactions 针对提供的信息和交易...

SEC IPO Rules of Securities Exchange Act of 1934 There are some important sections of Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which often be cited in opinions and orders of securities fraud cases. Section 10(b) Section 10(b) of Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provides that “It shall be unlawful … (a) To effect a short sale … of any security … in contravention of such rules and regulations as the commission may prescribe … (b) To use or employ, in connection with the purchase or sale of any security … any manipulative or deceptive device or contrivance in contravention of such rules and regulations as the commission may prescribe.” Section 14 Section 14(a) of Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provides that “It shall be unlawful for any person, by use of the mails … or otherwise … to solicit or permit the use of his name to solicit any proxy or consent or authorization in respect of any security (other than an exempted security) registered pursuant to Section 12 of this title.” Section 20 Section...